‘Beyond heart-breaking’ abuse as predators groom children to film siblings and friends
A new IWF study indicates internet sex predators are manipulating children to record their own sexual abuse, and that of their friends and siblings.
Internet sex predators are tricking children into abusing their own siblings and friends as new research reveals this “disturbing” trend is eight times worse than experts had feared.
A new study published ahead of the Internet Watch Foundation’s annual report reveals how internet sex predators are targeting children to have them abuse their siblings and friends*, as well as themselves, on camera.
The Internet Watch Foundation (IWF), a partner in the UK Safer Internet Centre, is the UK-based charity responsible for finding and removing images and videos of children suffering sexual abuse from the internet.
The IWF has documented a rise in “self-generated” child sexual abuse imagery being created and shared online, often after a child has been groomed, bullied, or blackmailed by an adult.
A snapshot study of the three months between September 28 and December 23 shows IWF analysts are now seeing predators tricking children into involving other children, either siblings or friends, in the abuse.
According to the study:
- 511 self-generated child sexual abuse images and videos assessed in this period were determined to involve siblings.
- That’s 8 images or videos each working day.
- In 65% of cases, one or both children engaged in direct sexual contact with the other.
Analysts said is clear that these children were manipulated or coerced into sexual activity by adults online via a live stream and that these videos and snapshots were subsequently shared widely using a variety of different web platforms.
There is also evidence that some of these adults were posing as other children. Sometimes the abuse would take the form of a game or ‘dare’ with no evidence that the children had any understanding of the sexual nature of what they were doing.
The data showed that 46% of this material was Category A content showing the most severe forms of child sexual abuse.
A further 24% was determined to contain Category B material, while 30% of the material was deemed to be Category C.
Susie Hargreaves OBE, Chief Executive of the IWF and UKSIC Director, said: “This tactic is emerging as a disturbing new trend in offender behaviour, and we know the youngest children are the most vulnerable, and often disproportionately suffer the worst kinds of abuse.
“Predators are now not only using the internet to contact, coerce, and abuse children – they are now using those children to get to other victims. Abuse often takes place in children’s own bedrooms, when parents think children are safe – playing with their siblings.”
There are fears this new trend may indicate predators are actively seeking to abuse more children this way.
Ms Hargreaves said when analysts were asked to look into the issue, it had been expected they may see this kind of abuse once a day.
The numbers show analysts actually see sibling self-generated abuse imagery on average eight times a day.
Ms Hargreaves added: “The scale of the abuse has been particularly shocking. We know each image is a crime scene, and that all the children are real children.
“To see them coerced and bullied by dangerous predators into then abusing other children is beyond heart-breaking.
“If parents think their children are safe because they are inside the house, they need to know they are not. Predators can approach children and strike up a conversation using internet connected devices without parents even being aware.”
Children as young as three years old appeared to be involved in abuse. The average age of the youngest sibling was 10 and the eldest 12.
Whilst in most cases with two children, one was slightly older, there were some instances of more significant age differences of up to 5 years or more.
The full study appears in the IWF’s annual report which is due to be published on April 21.
Sibling self-generated child sexual abuse: A snapshot study
IWF have documented a rise in “self-generated” child sexual abuse imagery being created and shared online. They are now seeing how siblings are being encouraged to take part together.
Over three months between 28 September and 23 December IWF logged incidents of this.
Method
Self-generated child sexual abuse imagery can often involve more than one child and it’s not easy to say with certainty whether the children are related.
During this study, IWF analysts flagged any illegal content that they assessed as likely to involve siblings. Then, IWF Quality Assurance team scrutinised that material to make an informed judgement as to whether the children could be related.
This decision was based on a variety of factors such as:
- The similarity of their appearance;
- Their environment;
- Their behaviour towards each other, and, where observed,
- Their conversation and the kind of language they used.
If they could not say that it was highly probable that they were related, the content was discounted.
The data
- 511 self-generated child sexual abuse images and videos were determined to involve siblings.
- That’s 8 images or videos each working day.
- In 65% of cases, one or both children engaged in direct sexual contact with the other.
Six sets of videos appeared more regularly than others: These were seen at least 10 times each, and one set was seen 51 times during the study. These videos varied greatly in terms of ages and activity observed including children aged between four, to teenagers.
In nine out of 10 times (92%), there were two children with one tending to be slightly older. In some cases, there were more than two children, but this was less common (8%).
IWF saw:
- Just girls (42%)
- Boys and girls together (33%), and
- Just boys (25%).
The older child would often take the lead and involve their younger sibling.
Ages spanned between three years old, to 16 years old.
The average age of the youngest sibling was 10 and the eldest 12.
Whilst in most cases with two children, one was slightly older, there were some instances of more significant age differences of up to 5 years or more.
Manipulation and coercion
It is clear to IWF experts that these children were manipulated or coerced into sexual activity by adults online via a live stream and that these videos and snapshots were subsequently shared widely using a variety of different web platforms.
They saw evidence which leads them to believe that some of these adults were posing as other children.
Children were observed reading comments and what were probable instructions – often getting close to the screen or reading aloud.
Through their conversations IWF analysts were able to conclude that in many cases, children were being shown sexual material online and being asked to copy it.
Sometimes the abuse would take the form of a game or ‘dare’ with no evidence that the children had any understanding of the sexual nature of what they were doing.
IWF experts also saw some instances which indicated some of the children had been exposed to sexual content at an extremely young age; they appeared to have some level of understanding that the behaviour was ‘adult’.
Domestic locations
Locations were almost exclusively domestic in appearance – a room within a family home.
Sometimes adults could be heard in the background behind closed doors moving around and talking just metres away from the children with no apparent knowledge of what was happening to the child.
Some children even quickly stopped the live stream at the call of an adult or a knock at the door.
Site types
This material was shared across all site types but was predominantly found via Cyberlockers (59%).
Image hosts accounted for 23% and forums accounted for 10%.
How does this study help IWF work?
IWF hope that by understanding the crimes committed against children, and how these can happen in the family home using the internet will help their, and others’, knowledge of the problem.
The regularity with which IWF analysts are seeing this trend is extremely concerning. Online offenders targeting children in this way and encouraging them into sexual activity with their siblings could lead to mental health challenges and physical damage.
IWF work with industry, the third sector and government is critical to getting this illegal material removed quickly, but more needs to be done to help prevent it being created in the first place.
This study will help inform IWF awareness and educational campaigns.